Black toenails can be alarming. They usually develop after trauma, like stubbing a toe or dropping a heavy object on the foot. Blood becomes trapped beneath the nail, creating the dark appearance. Repeated pressure from wearing shoes that do not fit correctly also causes bruising, especially in runners and people who spend long hours on their feet. In other cases, a fungal infection changes the nail color after entering through a small crack near the nail. Certain health problems, like diabetes, can also affect nail color. Although uncommon, a dark streak beneath the nail sometimes points to a serious skin cancer that requires prompt evaluation.

A podiatrist examines the affected toenail and asks about recent injuries, daily activities, and the types of shoes you wear. The examination helps determine whether the discoloration comes from bleeding beneath the nail, a fungal infection, or another medical condition. When necessary, a small sample of the nail is collected for laboratory testing to identify a fungal infection. Imaging studies help evaluate severe injuries involving the toe. If the appearance raises concern for skin cancer, a biopsy is performed. A biopsy involves removing a small piece of tissue so it can be examined under a microscope. Early diagnosis helps protect the nail and identify serious conditions before they become more difficult to treat.

Treatment depends on the cause of the discoloration. A podiatrist can relieve painful pressure beneath the nail after certain injuries by safely draining the trapped blood. Damaged nails that cannot heal properly sometimes require removal. Fungal infections receive appropriate medical treatment and regular monitoring to encourage healthy nail growth. Patients with diabetes or circulation problems benefit from careful foot evaluations because these conditions increase the risk of nail complications. Prompt care also helps reduce the chance of permanent nail damage. If you have toenails that are discolored, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Toe pain can disrupt your daily activities. If you have any concerns, contact the podiatrists of Oexeman Foot and Ankle, PLLC. our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Causes Toe Pain?

Most severe toe pain is caused due to a sports injury, trauma from dropping something heavy on the toe, or bumping into something rigid. Other problems can develop over time for various reasons.

Toe pain can be caused by one or more ailments. The most common include:

• Trauma
• Sports injury
• Wearing shoes that are too tight
• Arthritis
• Gout
• Corns and calluses
• Hammertoe
• Bunions
• Blisters
• Ingrown toenails
• Sprains
• Fractures (broken bones)
• Dislocations

When to See a Podiatrist

• Severe pain
• Persistent pain that lasts more than a week
• Signs of infection
• Continued swelling
• Pain that prevents walking

Diagnosis

In many cases the cause of toe pain is obvious, but in others, a podiatrist may want to use more advanced methods to determine the problem. These can range from simple visual inspections and sensation tests to X-rays and MRI scans. Prior medical history, family medical history, and any recent physical traumatic events will all be taken into consideration for a proper diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatments for toe pain and injuries vary and may include shoe inserts, padding, taping, medicines, injections, and in some cases, surgery. If you believe that you have broken a toe, please see a podiatrist as soon as possible.

If you have any questions please contact our office located in Chicago, IL . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe due to joint misalignment. Over time, the big toe shifts toward the smaller toes, which causes the joint to protrude outward. This change can lead to discomfort and difficulty with daily activities. While many bunions can be managed with conservative care, some cases progress and require surgical treatment. Understanding when this type of foot surgery is needed helps individuals make informed decisions about their foot health.

Common symptoms of bunions include pain, swelling, redness, and limited movement of the big toe joint. The area may become tender, especially while wearing tight or narrow shoes. Risk factors include inherited foot structure, improper footwear, and conditions that affect joint alignment. High-heeled or narrow shoes can increase pressure on the forefoot, which may worsen the deformity over time. Additional causes include flat feet, arthritis, and repeated stress on the foot.

Bunion surgery may be recommended when symptoms interfere with daily life and do not improve with non-surgical treatments. Several types of procedures are used depending on the severity of the condition. These may include removal of part of the metatarsal head, removal of excess bone, and realignment of soft tissues around the joint. In some cases, the podiatric surgeon may reposition bones to restore proper alignment. Each surgical approach is designed to reduce pain, correct deformity, and improve function.

Deciding on bunion surgery involves evaluating symptoms, lifestyle needs, and overall foot health. Early treatment may prevent progression, but advanced cases may require surgical correction for long-term relief. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can support better outcomes. If you are considering bunion surgery for lasting relief, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can determine if this type of foot surgery is right for you. 

Foot surgery is sometimes necessary to treat a foot ailment. To learn more, contact the podiatrists of Oexeman Foot and Ankle, PLLC. our doctors will assist you with all of your foot and ankle needs.

When Is Surgery Necessary?

Foot and ankle surgery is generally reserved for cases in which less invasive, conservative procedures have failed to alleviate the problem. Some of the cases in which surgery may be necessary include:

• Removing foot deformities like bunions and bone spurs
• Severe arthritis that has caused bone issues
• Cosmetic reconstruction

What Types of Surgery Are There?

The type of surgery you receive will depend on the nature of the problem you have. Some of the possible surgeries include:

• Bunionectomy for painful bunions
• Surgical fusion for realignment of bones
• Neuropathy decompression surgery to treat nerve damage

Benefits of Surgery

Although surgery is usually a last resort, it can provide more complete pain relief compared to non-surgical methods and may allow you to finally resume full activity.

Surgical techniques have also become increasingly sophisticated. Techniques like endoscopic surgery allow for smaller incisions and faster recovery times.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Chicago, IL . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how the body processes blood sugar and can impact many areas of health, including the feet. Diabetic foot refers to foot problems that develop as a result of diabetes-related changes in the body. Persistently high blood sugar levels can contribute to nerve damage, known as diabetic neuropathy and reduced circulation. These complications make it harder for the feet to heal and increase the risk of infections, wounds, and other serious concerns. Proper diabetic foot care is essential for protecting foot health and preventing complications.

Symptoms of diabetic foot problems can vary depending on the severity of nerve and circulation changes. Common symptoms include numbness, tingling, and burning sensations. A reduced ability to feel pain or temperature changes also occurs. Some individuals may develop dry skin, sores, swelling, or slow-healing wounds. Because nerve damage can reduce sensation, small cuts or blisters may go unnoticed and become more serious. Fungal foot infections, including athlete’s foot and toenail fungus, may also occur more easily due to changes in immune function and circulation.

Risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing diabetic foot complications include poor blood sugar control, long-term diabetes, and smoking. Obesity and reduced circulation also can contribute to increased foot problems. Wearing improper footwear, failing to inspect the feet regularly, and having a history of foot ulcers raise the risk. Diabetes can affect the body’s ability to fight infection and repair damaged tissue, making early attention to foot concerns especially important.

Protecting the feet in diabetic patients requires regular foot examinations, proper hygiene, and wearing supportive footwear. Ongoing management of blood sugar levels is also essential. A podiatrist can help monitor foot health, identify early warning signs, and provide treatment for infections, wounds, and other conditions related to diabetes. If diabetes is causing foot pain, it is suggested that you are under the care of a podiatrist who can help you to manage this serious condition.

Diabetic foot care is important in preventing foot ailments such as ulcers. If you are suffering from diabetes or have any other concerns about your feet, contact the podiatrists from Oexeman Foot and Ankle, PLLC. our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Diabetic Foot Care

Diabetes affects millions of people every year. The condition can damage blood vessels in many parts of the body, especially the feet. Because of this, taking care of your feet is essential if you have diabetes, and having a podiatrist help monitor your foot health is highly recommended.

The Importance of Caring for Your Feet

• Routinely inspect your feet for bruises or sores.
• Wear socks that fit your feet comfortably.
• Wear comfortable shoes that provide adequate support.

Patients with diabetes should have their doctor monitor their blood levels, as blood sugar levels play such a huge role in diabetic care. Monitoring these levels on a regular basis is highly advised.

It is always best to inform your healthcare professional of any concerns you may have regarding your feet, especially for diabetic patients. Early treatment and routine foot examinations are keys to maintaining proper health, especially because severe complications can arise if proper treatment is not applied.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Chicago, IL . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Choosing the right running shoe is essential for comfort, performance, and injury prevention. Running places repeated impact force on the feet, ankles, and lower limbs, making proper support a key factor in foot health. An important consideration is how much your foot pronates, or rolls inward, during each step. Neutral pronation allows for balanced movement, while excessive inward rolling or limited motion can lead to uneven pressure. Understanding your gait and foot structure helps guide the selection of shoes that match your needs.

Symptoms of wearing the wrong running shoes often develop gradually. Common signs include foot pain, arch discomfort, and ankle instability. Excessive pronation can lead to strain along the inner foot and ankle, while insufficient pronation may increase pressure on the outer edge. These imbalances affect how impact force is absorbed, which can contribute to overuse injuries such as plantar fasciitis or stress fractures. Paying attention to these symptoms can prevent long term damage.

Several risk factors increase the likelihood of injury when wearing improper footwear. Foot structure, including flat feet or high arches, plays a major role in how the foot handles movement and pressure. Wearing shoes that do not match your pronation type can worsen alignment issues. The main cause of discomfort is poor shock absorption and lack of support, which forces the body to compensate during movement. This can lead to a chain reaction of strain throughout the lower body.

Choosing the right running shoe involves evaluating fit, cushioning, and support. Shoes should match your foot shape and provide stability based on your level of pronation. Replacing worn shoes regularly and rotating pairs can also help reduce impact stress. If you have foot pain from wearing the wrong running shoes, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for effective relief tips, and additional guidance on choosing shoes for your running style. 

You should always make sure your running shoes fit properly in order to avoid injury. For more information, contact the podiatrists from Oexeman Foot and Ankle, PLLC. our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Choosing the Right Running Shoe for Your Foot Type

Improper shoe sizing can cause a myriad of problems for your feet. Shoes that don’t fit you properly can lead to muscular imbalances in your body, which can result in foot, knee, and hip injuries.

Tips for Finding the Right Running Shoe

• Make sure you have a thumb’s width of wiggle room between the end of your longest toe and the front of the shoe.
• There should be little to no slipping at the heel
• Don’t assume your size in one shoe brand will be your size in another
• Do not lace up your shoes too tightly
• Walk around in the store with your new shoes before you buy them

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Chicago, IL . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.